The Tongues Confusion
The Meaning of It
The Motive Behind It
The Method for It
The Misunderstanding About It
by Dr. Curtis Hutson
"Now, brethren, if I come unto you speaking with tongues, what shall
I profit you, except I shall speak to you either by revelation, or by
knowledge, or by prophesying, or by doctrine? And even things without
life giving sound, whether pipe or harp, except they give a distinction
in the sounds, how shall it be known what is piped or harped? For if the
trumpet give an uncertain sound, who shall prepare himself to the
battle? So likewise ye, except ye utter by the tongue words easy to be
understood, how shall it be known what is spoken? for ye shall speak
into the air. " --I Cor. 14:6-9
The subject of tongues is worth study because it is in the Bible,
and we need to learn how it deals with this important subject for two
great reasons.
First, the tongues, or charismatic movement, is experiencing rapid
growth. Seeking for a deeper experience, well-meaning and sincere
Christians have been led into the movement. Due to a false
understanding, thousands of believers seek for the experience of
speaking in tongues in stead of for the power and fullness of the Holy
Spirit to win souls.
On the other hand, many more thousands of Christians are so repulsed by
what seems to them fanaticism, that they turn entirely away from any
study of the fullness of the Holy Spirit. They are so afraid they will
get out on a limb that they never bother to climb the tree.
I want Christians everywhere to be filled with the blessed Holy Spirit
of God. There can be no great soul-winning churches, no revival, without
the power of the Holy Spirit. Zechariah 4:6 states, "Not by might,
nor by power, but by my spirit, saith the Lord of hosts."
Now there is a second great reason for
studying the question of speaking in tongues. There is such widespread
difference of opinion among sincere believers that the truth of the matter
should be known. Every honest Christian should approach the study of
tongues with an open mind and without prejudice. Surely God must be
grieved when those who love Him and believe the Bible think so harshly of
one another and differ so radically on such an important subject as being
filled with the Holy Spirit.
In this study I will not talk about
experience; we will only see what the Bible says. If one's experience does
not agree with the Bible, the experience is wrong, not the Bible.
Experience is not the principle; the Bible is. And doctrine is not settled
by one's experience but by what the Bible has to say.
Several years ago a popular weekly television
program featured a detective. If I recall correctly, his name was Sergeant
Friday. In every story a situation developed in which Sergeant Friday said
to a witness whom he questioned, "Just the facts, Mister. Just state the
facts." With God's help, I shall do just that. We will see what the Bible
says concerning the meaning of it, the motive behind it, the method for
it, and the misunderstanding about it.
THE MEANING OF IT
The word translated "tongues" in Acts 2:4 is
the Greek word glossa. I have just counted 50 times in my Strong's
Concordance where the word appears in the New Testament. Sixteen times it
refers to a literal, human tongue--the physical organ in the mouth; once,
in Acts "cloven tongues like as of fire," and 33 times the word means
"language." But not one time in all the Bible does "tongues" mean a
heavenly language that only God understands. It never means something
mysterious nor unknown to mankind. In Acts 2 it was not a jabber but
normal, human languages known and spoken by people present on the day of
Pentecost; and the nationalities of those in whose language they were
allowed to speak are given:
"And they were all amazed and marveled,
saying one to another, Behold, are not all these which speak Galileans?
And how hear we every man in our own tongue, wherein we were born?
Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites, and the dwellers in Mesopotamia, and
in Judaea, and Cappadocia, in Pontus, and Asia, Phrygia, and Pamphylia, in
Egypt, and in the parts of Libya about Cyrene, and strangers of Rome, Jews
and proselytes, Cretes and Arabians, we do hear them speak in our tongues
the wonderful works of God. " -- Acts 2:7-11.
Notice the language of Acts 2. Verse 4
states, "They were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak
with other tongues .... " It does not say they spoke with the unknown
tongue; they simply spoke with other languages Verses 7 and 8 say, "And
they were all amazed and marveled, saying one to another, Behold, are not
all these which speak Galileans? And how hear we every man in our own
tongue, wherein we were born?" Again the Bible does not say they spoke
with some heavenly language and every man understood them because he was
filled with the Holy Spirit. It simply says, "And how hear we every man
in our own tongue, wherein we were born?" Then verses 9 through 11
list the nationalities of people whose languages were being spoken.
There are only three places in the book of
Acts whet people spoke in tongues. Namely, at Pentecost -- Acts 2:1 11; in
Caesarea -- Acts 10:44-46; and in Ephesus -- Act 19:1-6.
In Acts 10:46 we are told how Cornelius and
hi household were heard to "speak with tongues, and magnify God."
And Peter responded by saying, "Can any man forbid water, that these
should not be baptized, which have received the Holy Ghost as well as we?"
These were ne converts, and Peter suggested baptism. The tongues spoken by
Cornelius and his household were not miraculous tongues. It simply says
that they spake with tongues and magnified God. Cornelius and his
household were members of the Italian band from Rome, and their natural
language was Latin. It is possible that in the centurion's household were
soldiers, slaves, servants and government officials from many of the
nations of the Roman world. Could it have been that in their heavenly
ecstasy they reverted each to his mother tongue in praising God?
It is a psychological truth that in moments
of extreme delight or peril a foreigner will exclaim in his native tongue
rather than in the language he has more recently acquired. But be that as
it may, the tongues referred to in Acts 10:46 were known languages, not an
ecstatic utterance.
The third historical record of people
speaking in tongues in the book of Acts is found in chapter 19:1-6. When
Paul met these twelve men in Ephesus, he asked, "Have ye received the
Holy Ghost since ye believed?" Their reply was that they had never
heard of the Holy Spirit. Now how could followers of John the Baptist be
ignorant of the Holy Spirit, when he preached the Holy Spirit (Matt.
3:11)? Evidently the true message of John the Baptist had been lost as it
was passed from one disciple to another; then when these misled men heard
a clear presentation of the Gospel, they were baptized (vs. 5). Verse 6
states, "And when Paul had laid his hands upon them, the Holy Ghost
came on them; and they spake with tongues, and prophesied."
Here again the Bible does not say they spoke
with heavenly languages or in some ecstatic utterance, but that they spoke
with tongues, or languages. Ephesus, a great cosmopolitan city, was made
up of people from different parts of the Roman world. The Bible does not
indicate what languages were spoken. But it clearly indicates that more
than one language was used: "...they spake with tongues" (plural).
And verse 7 states, "And all the men were about twelve." It is
possible that a dozen different languages were spoken, as these new
Christians, filled with joy, prophesied.
Aside from these three instances in the book
of Acts, tongues are mentioned in Paul's discussion of the gifts of the
Spirit (I Cor. 12:1-14) and in I Corinthians 14. A study of I Corinthians
14 will reveal that the tongues mentioned are not so-called spiritual or
heavenly languages. The languages used were normal, human languages. It
was no jabber, no babble of sound unfamiliar to any human ear.
In that chapter it is referred to as "an
unknown tongue"; but "unknown" is in italics, which means it is a
supplied word, placed there by Bible translators for the sake of
understanding. The languages mentioned here are simply foreign languages
unknown to those present. Verses 23 and 24 make this especially clear:
"If therefore the whole church be come
together into one place, and all speak with tongues, and there come in
those that are unlearned, or unbelievers, will they not say that ye are
mad? But if all prophesy, and there come in one that believeth not, or one
unlearned, he is convinced of all, he is judged of all."
Now, visualize the scene. A church service is
in progress and people are speaking in numerous foreign languages. Some
uneducated or unlearned person, as the Scripture calls him, happens to
walk into the service. He hears a number of people, all speaking with
various languages; it is mass confusion, so he concludes all are mad! But
if the church members would speak words easy to understand, instead of
speaking in foreign languages that the unlearned do not know, then the
unbeliever and the unlearned man would be convinced of all.
The use of the word "unlearned," in verses 23
and 24, shows that the languages referred to were not supernatural. They
could be learned by proper study. One can learn any foreign language if he
studies it enough. If the languages used in I Corinthians 14 were a
supernatural gift, then it would be available to the unlearned as well as
the educated. If speaking in tongues means speaking in some mysterious
language known only to God and not known to any group of men, no matter
how much learning and education a man has, he will not understand the
heavenly language. But foreign languages, known and spoken by men, can be
learned. The fact that these languages were the kind that unlearned men
did not understand indicates they were known, normal, human languages.
Remember, then, that tongues in the Bible
simply mean languages and, in the case of I Corinthians 14, foreign
languages, unknown by some who attended the church services.
THE MOTIVE BEHIND IT
I have already mentioned that there are only
three places in the Bible where people spoke in tongues: Acts 2:1-11;
10:44-46; 19:1-6.
The central and most important Bible passage
on the subject of tongues is found in Acts 2:1-11. First, it is important
because it is the first time tongues are discussed in the New Testament.
Second, it is important because speaking in tongues was on a larger scale
in Acts 2 than in either of the other cases mentioned. Third, it is the
most important passage because this is the only instance where we can be
absolutely sure that speaking in tongues was a miraculous gift.
Acts 2:4 states: "And they were all filled
with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit
gave them utterance."
In Acts 10 and 19 the Bible simply says they
spake with tongues. There is no hint that speaking in tongues in Acts 10
or 19 was a supernatural gift. Only in Acts 2:4 does the Bible say "as
the Spirit gave them utterance."
Now, what was the motive behind this
supernatural gift on the day of Pentecost? There were at least 3,000
unsaved people present. There could have been more; but according to verse
41, three thousand souls were saved: "Then they that gladly received
his word were baptized: and the same day there were added unto them about
three thousand souls."
On the day of Pentecost, God had a problem:
3,000 un-saved people were present. The Galileans knew the plan of
salvation. They could present the Gospel clearly, but they could not speak
in the languages of those who needed to hear the message. The problem God
faced was language barrier. He wanted these 3,000 precious souls to be
saved, but the men who knew how to present the Gospel could not speak in
the languages of the unconverted. So God allowed them to speak in
languages which they had not learned. They spoke in other languages
supernaturally, in the words of Acts 2:4, "...as the Spirit gave them
utterance."
Sixteen different nationalities are named as
hearing in their own language the wonderful works of God. These
Spirit-filled Christians at Pentecost witnessed for Jesus in sixteen
different languages beginning with that of the Parthians and ending with
that of the Cretes and Arabians:
"And they were all amazed and marveled,
saying one to another, Behold, are not all these which speak Galileans?
And how hear we every man in our own tongue, wherein we were born?
Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites, and the dwellers in Mesopotamia, and
in dudaea, and Cappadocia, in Pontus, and Asia, Phrygia, and Pamphylia, in
Egypt, and in the parts of Libya about Cyrene, and strangers of Rome, Jews
and proselytes, Cretes and Arabians, we do hear them speak in our tongues
the wonderful works of God. " --Acts 2:7-11.
When these precious unconverted people heard
the Gospel, they trusted Jesus Christ as Saviour. And the Bible states in
Acts 2:41, "Then they that gladly received his word were baptized: and
the same day there were added unto them about three thousand souls."
The important thing on the day of Pentecost
was not the speaking in tongues but the conversion of 3,000 sinners. And
that places importance on soul winning, not on speaking in tongues. The
tongues were secondary and incidental. They were only a means to an end;
the end was soul win ning.
That is certainly consistent with Acts 1:8,
where Jesus said,
"But ye shall receive power, after that
the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in
Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part
of the earth."
It is said of John the Baptist in Luke
1:15,16,
"For he shall be great in the sight of the
Lord, and shall drink neither wine nor strong drink; and he shall be
filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother's womb. And many of the
children of Israel shall he turn to the Lord their God."
To put the emphasis on speaking in tongues
would be like having someone bring you a million dollars in a brown paper
bag, and you dump the money into the trash and get excited over the paper
bag. The paper bag was the instrument in which the money was delivered.
The money is the important thing, not the bag.
The tongues on the day of Pentecost were the
instrument through which the message was delivered that resulted in 3,000
souls saved. The salvation of 3,000 sinners was the important thing, not
the tongues that delivered the message. Winning souls was the motive
behind speaking with tongues in Acts, chapter 2.
Aside from the three instances recorded in
the book of Acts, one other place in the New Testament mentions speaking
in tongues. It is in Paul's discussion of the gifts of the Spirit in I
Corinthians 12:1-14. Verse 10 lists, among other gifts, "divers kinds
of tongues." The church at Corinth is the only New Testament church
that spoke with tongues. It is never mentioned in connection with the
churches in Macedonia, Achaia, Judea, Samaria, Asia, Rome or any other
place.
First Corinthians, chapter 14, does not
contain a list of exhortations to speak in tongues but a long list of
restrictions against the practice. Paul is not encouraging the Christians
at Corinth to exercise the gift but to refrain from its use. He is not
giving a set of rules on how to speak in tongues but rather laying down
strict regulations to restrain its use in the church.
Before giving a number of these regulations
found in I Corinthians 14, I should call attention to the fact that the
tongues in I Corinthians 14 are different from those in Acts 2, Acts 10
and Acts 19.
In Acts 2 the disciples simply preached the
Gospel in the languages of those present. They heard the Gospel, trusted
Christ as Saviour and 3,000 were saved. The tongues used on the day of
Pentecost were not unknown languages to the hearers.
The tongues mentioned in I Corinthians 14
were unknown to the congregation. They were foreign languages not known by
the people in the church, thus they were unknown tongues.
Now, notice several regulations Paul lays
down in regard to speaking in tongues.
First, no tongues or foreign languages
were to be used in the church except when people present understood what
was being said.
"If any man speak in an unknown tongue,
let it be by two, or at the most by three, and that by course; and let one
interpret. But if there be no interpreter, let him keep silence in the
church; and let him speak to himself, and to God. " -- I Cor. 14:27,
28.
Second, there should never be more
than two or three in any service speaking in other languages or tongues.
"If any man speak in an unknown tongue, let it be by two, or at the
most by three, and that by course; and let one interpret" (vs. 27).
Third, only one person was to speak at
a time. Any time two or three were speaking at the same time it was
clearly out of order. "...let it be by two, or at the most by three,
and that by course" (I Cor. 14:27). If tongues were ever spoken in a
service, it had to be "by course," never two speaking at the same time.
Fourth, any religious service where
speaking in tongues caused confusion was clearly not of God: "For God
is not the author of confusion, but of peace, as in all churches of the
saints" (I Cor. 14:33).
Fifth, under no condition was a woman
to speak in an unknown tongue in the church:
"Let your women keep silence in the
churches: for it is not permitted unto them to ,speak; but they are
commanded to be under obedience, as also saith the law. And if they will
learn any thing, let them ask their husbands at home: for it is a shame
for women to speak in the church. " -- I Cor. 14:34, 35.
That is a strange statement for the Apostle
Paul to make, since in I Corinthians 11:3-10 he had just given
instructions how women were to dress when they prayed or prophesied in the
church. Now, in I Corinthians 14:34 and 35 he says they are not to speak
at all but to keep silent.
Has he forgotten what he has just written? Is
he stupid? Has he lost his mind? No, not at all. These verses forbid-ding
women to speak in the church are found in the middle of this chapter on
speaking in tongues. He is giving regulations on the use of tongues in the
church, and he says the women are to keep silent. They are not permitted
to speak!
Dr. W. A. Criswell said:
"In front of the ancient city of Corinth
was the deep blue sea. Behind the city of Corinth was the steep, high
Acro-Corinthus, an Acropolis far more prominent than that in Athens on
which was built the Parthenon. Crowning the imposing Acropolis at
Corinth was a magnificent temple to Aphrodite (Latin, 'Venus').
"The Greek goddess of love and beauty was
worshiped with sexual orgies. The temple prostitutes who were used in
these orgies of worship worked themselves up into ecstatic frenzies as
they followed their heathen, immoral rituals.
"The sight of frenzied women speaking in
unknown tongues in their dedication to immorality was a common one in
the days of Graeco-Roman culture. Paul's abhorrence of such speaking is
explicable and obvious. Paul assumes that even strangers walking by an
assembly of God's people, seeing and hearing the women talking in
unknown tongues, would immediately say: 'What have we here; a little
colony of Aphrodite? Let us go in and enjoy the sensual pleasure.' 'No,'
said the apostle, 'a thousand times no!
When it comes to speaking in tongues, let
your women keep silent in the churches. It is a shame [mark this word
'shame'] for women to speak in unknown tongues in the church.'
"That interdiction still stands, unremoved.
The hysterical, unseemly excess of tongue-speaking women in public
worship is a reproach to the name of the Lord."
Sixth, Paul encourages the church to
speak in a language understood by the congregation:
"I thank my God, I speak with tongues more
than ye all: Yet in the church I had rather speak live words with my
understanding, that by my voice I might teach others also, than ten
thousand words in an unknown tongue. " --I Cor. 14:18, 19.
These are tremendous odds -- 5 to 10,000!
This would be enough to stop the practice of tongues forever in the
judgment of any ordinary fair-minded person. The practice has no, place in
the church.
Recently I wrote on the margin of my Bible
five reasons why tongues were not suited for public worship services.
- It could not be generally understood and
therefore required the services of an interpreter to be of any value.
- It repelled unbelievers and did not edify
believers who could not understand what was being said.
- It led unbelievers to conclude that those
who spoke in this unintelligible manner, when they could have used known
languages, were out of their minds; they were mad.
- It might lead the hearers to conclude that
God is the author of confusion, since those who spoke in tongues claimed
to do so by the power of the Holy Spirit.
- It actually thwarted God's purpose which
is that His witness should be understood by all.
Why use such a round-about way to get the
truth to people? God never used such means nor did the apostles.
THE MISUNDERSTANDINGS ABOUT IT
There are several misunderstandings regarding
speaking in tongues. Some say it is the evidence of the fullness of the
Holy Spirit. Others say tongues is a prayer language and they speak to God
in tongues. Still others insist that speaking in tongues is a sign of
spirituality. When one becomes spiritual enough he will speak with
tongues.
Is speaking in tongues the evidence of the
fullness of the Holy Spirit? Let us see what the Bible says. There is not
a single statement--either before or after Pentecost--in which the Bible
speaks of the gift of tongues as the evidence or part of the evidence of
being filled with the Holy Spirit. This is a doctrine not founded upon a
single clear statement in the Word of God.
Pastor Donald Gee, a well-known writer of the
Pentecostal movement, said in his booklet, Speaking in Tongues, the
Initial Evidence of the Baptism of the Holy Spirit:
"The doctrine that speaking with other
tongues is the initial evidence of the Baptism of the Holy Spirit rests
upon the accumulated evidence of the recorded cases in the book of Acts
where this experience is received. Any doctrine on this point must
necessarily be confined within these limits for its basis, for the New
Testament contains no plain, categorical statement anywhere as to what
must be regarded as THE sign."
Those who teach that speaking in tongues is
the evidence of the fullness of the Holy Spirit get such an idea from
history, from books or from human experience, not from the Bible, since it
says nothing about it.
There are good reasons to believe that
speaking in tongues is not the evidence of the fullness of the Holy
Spirit.
First, as I have mentioned, the
Scripture nowhere says that speaking in tongues was the evidence.
Second, another evidence was promised.
Acts 1:8 states, "But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost
is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and
in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth."
Here the Bible says that when they were
filled with the Holy Spirit they would receive power to witness. That is
exactly what happened in Acts, chapter 2. Filled with the Holy Spirit,
they preached the Gospel and 3,000 souls were saved!
It is said of John the Baptist in Luke
1:15,16, "For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall
drink neither wine nor strong drink; and he shall be filled with the Holy
Ghost, even from his mother's womb. And many of the children of Israel
shall he turn to the Lord their God."
Notice it says nothing about John the Baptist
speaking in tongues. It does say, "And many of the children of Israel
shall he turn to the Lord their God." When he is filled with the Holy
Spirit, he will be a great soul winner. If there is an evidence of the
fullness of the Holy Spirit, it is soul winning, not speaking with
tongues.
Third, there are examples in the Bible
of those who were filled with the Holy Spirit but did not speak in
tongues: Jesus--Luke 3:21,22 and Acts 10:38; John the Baptist--Luke 1:15,
16; the converts at Samaria--Acts 8:14-17; the Apostle Paul--Acts 9:17.
The great soul winners of our day are men who
have been filled with the Holy Spirit but never spoke in tongues.
Then there are the great evangelists and
preachers of yesteryear who were filled with the Holy Spirit but never
spoke in tongues: Dwight L. Moody, Charles G. Finney, Dr. R. A. Torrey,
John Wesley, George Whitefield, Charles Haddon Spurgeon, Billy Sunday, J.
Wilbur Chapman, George Truett, Gipsy Smith and many, many others.
Since God gave another evidence of the
fullness of the Holy Spirit, it is wrong and foolish for anyone to believe
that speaking in tongues is the evidence when God says nothing of the
kind.
There is another misunderstanding regarding
speaking in tongues. Some who speak in tongues say it is a prayer
language, basing the teaching on I Corinthians 14:2, "He that speaketh in
an unknown tongue speaketh not unto men, but unto God." A little study
here will clarify your mind. This verse simply says if a man speaks in the
church in a foreign language, which no one understands, then he is not
speaking unto men but unto God. Then the verse goes on to explain,
"...for no man understandeth him." The Scripture does not say and does
not mean that the tongues mentioned here were a language known only to
God. An unknown tongue is any foreign language unknown to you or unknown
to the person who hears it spoken.
If I spoke in Chinese to an English-speaking
audience who did not understand Chinese, I would not be speaking to men
because they would not understand the language. I would be speaking to
God, since He understands and knows all languages. What God has in mind
here is simply foreign languages unknown to those present but not unknown
to God.
Recently in a restaurant, I sat near several
people who were speaking in a language unknown to me. As I enjoyed my
meal, I wished I could understand what they were saying. But they were not
speaking to me since the language spoken was unknown to me. However, the
language they were speaking in was not unknown to God, and He heard and
understood every word.
There is no such thing as a special prayer
language. God understands one language as well as the other. He is
omniscient. There is no language unknown to God. He hears every
conversation.
Several years ago I led a lady to Christ who
knew very little English. When I asked her to pray, she indicated that she
could not speak the English language well enough to pray. I suggested that
she pray in her own native tongue, which she did. The tongue was unknown
to me. I have ab solutely no idea what she said, but I am sure God heard
every word. And when she had finished praying, a glow came over her face
as she reached out to shake my hand. The next Sunday I had the happy
privilege of baptizing her, and she made a faithful church member. There
is no such thing as a special prayer language.
There are those who believe that speaking in
tongues is a sign of spirituality. This is another misunderstanding. Only
one church in the Bible ever spoke with tongues--the church at Corinth. It
is clear from the Scriptures that this was not a spiritual church. Paul
said in I Corinthians 3:2, 3,
"I have fed you with milk, and not with
meat: for hitherto ye were not able to bear it, neither yet now are ye
able. For ye are yet carnal: for whereas there is among you envying, and
strife, and divisions, are ye not carnal, and walk as men?"
Here the Bible specifically says the church
at Corinth was carnal and not spiritual. They were not able to eat strong
meat and must be fed on the milk of the Word (I Cor. 3:2). Some of them
were puffed up and offended with Paul (I Cor. 4:18). There was fornication
among them: a man living in sin with his stepmother and the church openly
taking his part (I Cor. 5:1). Church members were going to law with one
another before unbelievers (I Cor. 6:1-8). Some of the church members ate
meat offered to idols (I Cor. 8). There were divisions and heresies at the
Lord's Supper, and some came to the communion drunk (I Cor. 11:17-21).
Some church members denied the resurrection (! Cor. 15: 12). The only
church in the Bible where members spoke in tongues was not spiritual but
carnal. So, speaking in tongues could not be a sign of spirituality. Now,
these closing words.
I would exhort every Christian to be filled
with the Holy Spirit. You may as well try to beat back the tide with a
pitchfork as to try to do God's work without the fullness of the Holy
Spirit.
When you are filled with the Holy Spirit,
then spend your time winning souls to Christ. The whole purpose of the
Holy Spirit's coming into the world was to "reprove the world of sin,
and of righteousness, and of judgment" (John 16:8). What does it
matter if you speak with the tongues of men and of angels and never lead a
soul to Christ! What difference would it make if you could speak a dozen
languages--whether by human wisdom or by a miracle--if you never gave
anyone the plan of salvation or told a sinner how to be saved?
Be filled with the Holy Spirit and win
souls.
Contacting Sword of the Lord
This, and other booklets, can be obtained by
contacting Sword of the Lord Publishers directly, please do not direct
your queries to Roy Lister (me), though I will be happy to answer any
questions regarding the subject matter of the material shown here.
Sword of the Lord Publishers
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U.S.A
© Copyright 1985 by Sword of the Lord Publishers
ISBN 0-87398-840-X
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